In the hills above "Neustadt an der Weinstraße" (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany) is Hambach Castle (Hambacher Schloss). It is famous for the "Hambacher Fest", a national democratic festival celebrated in May 1832 with 30 000 participants from Germany, France and Poland. Among the Polish were many who fled after the November uprising (1830-1831) first to Germany and then to France. People from all ranks of society came together at the "Hambacher Fest" to express their dissatisfaction with the ancien regimes and to demand democratic reforms. A similar event happened at the Wartburg (near Eisenach) in 1817.

Hambacher Fest: Milestone Towards Unity

The Palatinate belonged to France until the beginning of the 19th century, and the ideas of the French Revolution took root. After the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) the area came under Bavarian control. Dreams of German unity were shattered, democratic reforms were stalled, and the population felt oppressed.

The mass demonstration had been cleverly disguised as a non-political county-fair, and it was the first time that a fledgling democratic movement raised its voice. Germans, French and Poles formed an alliance to demand more representative government and a national economic policy. People were tired of the sectionalism that had prevailed in Germany since the Thirty Years' War.

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